genotype

Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your classmates as early in the week as possible. Respond to all of the initial postings from your peers in your discussion group on different days of the week.

Peer 1

Punnett square is a graphical representation of genotype odd resulting from the genetic crossing of a particular type.  The chart representation of possible offspring is essential in predicting traits, and this is achieved by analyzing the composition of the gene. According to R et al. (2018), Although the Punnett square is a convenient tool for genetic prediction, it has limitations in complex genetic inheritance. Significantly, the Punnett square is limited when predicting genotype in the scenario where two traits are inherited together or in the situation where two genes are linked (Lockhart, 2018). On the other hand, multiple genes can be used to determine a single trait, and therefore, the punnet square is limited in predicting offspring’s phenotype.  According to R et al. (2018), Hemophilia either occurs due to spontaneous mutation or inherited.  In the case given, the mother has a recessive allele(hemophilia) and a dominant allele.

Odd of female offspring developing hemophilia

While mothers without hemophilia can transmit X chromosome with mutation, the female can receive a normal X chromosome from the father who is not affected by hemophilia.  That being the case, all the daughters will not have hemophilia although they inherit the X chromosome from the father.

Odd of female offspring being hemophilia carrier

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Just like the mother, who is, in this case, a hemophilia carrier, there is a 50% chance that offspring will be a carrier.

Odd of male offspring  developing hemophilia

In this case, the male offspring inherit the Y chromosomes from his father and the mother’s X chromosomes.  That being the case, the son can inherit either mutate or normal chromosomes, and the probability of developing hemophilia is 50%.

Odds of a male son being hemophilia carrier

In males, the mutated chromosome is enough for the development of hemophilia, meaning that the male cannot be a carrier of hemophilia in this case.

Odd of offspring developing hemophilia.

There is a 25% odd that the son will have hemophilia, a 25% chance that the daughter will be a hemophilia carrier, and a 50% probability that the two people will have mutated genes.

The reason why some offspring developed the disease

Significantly, for hemophilia development, only the offspring that have mutated  X chromosome will develop the disease.  In the case of a daughter, it will be impossible for them to develop hemophilia, for they receive the gene from the father who is unaffected by hemophilia (R et al., 2018).  In the male case, the sons will be having a 50% chance of receiving their mother’s healthy gene; in this case, she is a carrier.

Reference

Lockhart, J. (2018). Suspended animation: A transcriptional module triggers embryo formation in suspensor cells. The Plant Cell, 31(1), 5-6. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.18.00975

R, V., P, N., & N, S. (2018). Survey on the genetic variation among the students. Insights in Biomedicine, 03(01). https://doi.org/10.21767/2572-5610.10041